The building was originally known as Gamlestadens kapell, designed by architects Ragnar Ossian Swensson (also referred to in some sources as R.O. Svensson) and Harald Ericson, and inaugurated in 1929. It was conceived chiefly for preaching services and confirmation instruction rather than as a full parish church. The rectangular timber structure has a hipped, black slate roof topped by a slender spire with a weathercock, and a separate, tapering chancel extends from the main body.
The building's status changed in 1951, when it became a parish church and was renamed Nylöse kyrka; sources differ slightly on whether the renaming took place in 1951 or 1954. This new role prompted substantial alterations, including a timber bell-tower added in the 1950s, which has since been removed. Further remodelling followed in 1974, when a sacristy was added at the north side of the chancel and the interior was given a lighter, more open character, allowing the priest to stand behind the altar facing the congregation.
Inside, the altar is carved from Kinnekulle marble, and the altarpiece dates from 1627, brought from the pulpit of the former hospital church (hospitalskyrkan) at Gothenburg's old hospital. Set into the chancel floor is a gravestone with Renaissance ornamentation, taken from the nearby hospital churchyard; one source links this stone to Nya Lödöse kyrka, the church of the town from which Gamlestaden and Nylöse parish take their name, though the precise origin of the stone is not entirely certain.
A parish hall was built alongside the church in the early 2000s, replacing an earlier one at Holländareplatsen. The church's mechanical organ, built in 1963 by A. Magnusson Orgelbyggeri, has thirteen stops across two manuals and pedal.
Visitors should be aware that the Church of Sweden has reportedly begun a process to withdraw Nylöse kyrka from regular use, according to a cited church announcement; the current status and future accessibility of the building are therefore uncertain.