Construction began in 1651 under the mint master Marcus Kock, and the church was consecrated on the first Sunday of Advent in 1655. At that point the building was essentially complete on the outside, but a great deal of interior work still remained to be finished in the following years.
Over the following century the church gradually acquired fittings and gifts from patrons connected to the local mint and nobility. A gallery was added in 1662 and later renovated. Among the church's furnishings was said to be a chandelier reputedly given by King Karl X Gustav, previously kept at Fredensborg Castle in Denmark, and a clock for the tower donated by the local mining guild in 1722. An altarpiece said to have come from the German Church in Stockholm was also installed, and a bridal costume was reportedly bequeathed by a local noblewoman from the Brogård estate in the eighteenth century — charming details, though drawn from older local newspaper sources and not independently confirmed.
A serious fire swept through Avesta in September 1803, damaging the church itself. Its tower, roof, and detached bell tower with its bells were destroyed, though the outer walls and vaults survived. The present tower dates from 1851–52, replacing the one lost in the blaze.
The church has had a succession of organs. An early positive organ was donated in 1666, followed by a new organ purchase in 1734. A larger instrument with fifteen stops was built in 1885 by the firm E. A. Setterquist & Son of Örebro, later replaced in 1938 by an organ from A. Magnusson Orgelbyggeri of Gothenburg, itself modified and restored in subsequent decades.