The church was officially inaugurated on 6 January 1928, although it was already in use for the Christmas morning service the previous year. Before this, the Kirseberg district — known locally as "Backarna" — had no church of its own, and local residents are said to have helped make the building possible. The land was donated by Anna Sederholm, and townspeople contributed to the construction costs by buying symbolic bricks for 10 öre each. The building was designed by Theodor Wåhlin, cathedral architect in Lund.
Initially the church functioned as a modest "small church" within St Paul's parish, only becoming a full parish church in its own right when Kirseberg formed its own congregation in 1949. Since 2014 it has belonged to Husie parish.
A distinctive feature is the large oval chancel window, added in 1980 and designed by the artist Stig Carlsson, featuring a forked cross in brown and orange tones. Two further stained-glass windows in the chancel, depicting the Baptism of Christ and the Last Supper, are the work of Gunnar Torhamn.
The church has a connection to the Swedish air force: during the Second World War the nearby Bulltofta airfield hosted the F10 wing, which used Kirsebergs kyrka as its garrison church. A memorial plaque commemorating 17 airmen who died during the war has been in the church since 1945. A model aircraft, hung from the ceiling as a votive offering at the same time, was later taken down because, according to the church, it was felt to evoke associations with war — though sources note the model can still be found displayed in the porch.