The origins of the church lie in the isolation of the Kalvträsk area from Burträsk itself, where poor roads made regular church attendance difficult. Discussions about building a local chapel began as early as 1781, but the cost was judged too great for the small population. It was not until 1879 that a firm decision was taken, and building work finally began in 1886.
The chapel was designed by Gustaf Oscar Tundal, an official at the Robertsfors ironworks, using a twelve-sided plan topped by a flattened onion dome. At the time, the Gothic Revival style dominated official taste, and the central-plan design faced scrutiny from the national building authority under Helgo Zetterwall, who was wary of such centralised church forms. Because the building was classed as a chapel rather than a full church, the requirements were less strict, and it was completed and consecrated in 1889.
The building was reclad in panelling in 1896, and a more substantial rebuilding followed in 1912–1913, when the onion dome was replaced with a short spire and the timber walls covered with painted board. It was reconsecrated as a parish church in 1913, the same year a new congregation, Kalvträsk parish, was formed. Further redecoration took place in 1933, when the interior was lined with masonite and the ceiling painted a darker blue-grey and decorated with stars, and again in the 1950s and early 1980s, when the exterior was painted white and the ceiling given a blue-green tone.
Despite its relatively compact dimensions—the twelve-sided interior measures around 17.5 metres across—the unusual shape gives the church an unexpectedly spacious feel, seating around 250. The altarpiece, from 1913, is executed in an Art Nouveau style with classicist touches, and features an altar painting by Otto Wretling depicting Christ on the cross with the local lake and Vitberget hill in the background.
The church organ predates the building itself: it was built in 1839 by Pehr Zacharias Strand and originally stood in Burträsk parish church until it was moved here in 1903.