The Överum ironworks (Överums bruk) had employed its own preacher from 1862, holding services in an ordinary building by the town square. As the settlement grew, the works funded a new church through public subscription, built of slag stone and brick and consecrated on 18 August 1872 by Bishop Ebbe Gustaf Bring. The original design had no tower or sacristy, giving the building a plainer, more functional character than many contemporary parish churches, reflecting its origins as an industrial rather than a traditional ecclesiastical commission.
A timber tower was added to the west end in 1889, giving the church the more conventional silhouette visitors see today. The older building that had served as the first place of worship was moved roughly 20 metres on rollers, after which it found a long working life as a school, then housing, and eventually a parish hall from 1962 onwards.
Ownership passed from the ironworks to the newly formed Överum parish in 1931, when the works donated the church, churchyard and parsonage. A substantial renovation the following year, in 1932, added the sacristy that the original building had lacked.
The church has had several organs over the decades: an 1884 instrument by Åkerman & Lund of Stockholm, replaced in 1937 by a larger organ from E.A. Setterquist & Son of Örebro, and again in 1968 by a mechanical organ built by A. Mårtenssons Orgelfabrik of Lund.