The church was built in the 1100s in Romanesque style, with a straight-ended chancel typical of the period. The low west tower, porch and sacristy were added at unknown later dates; the porch and sacristy already appear in a drawing from around 1700, so they must predate that time, while the tower is a later addition not shown in the same image.
The interior is light and plain, covered by a cross vault thought to have been added in the late medieval period. Most of the fittings visible today date from twentieth-century restoration work, though several older pieces survive: a Romanesque font from the 1100s, decorated with horizontal roll mouldings and paired with a brass christening dish, a Renaissance-style altarpiece from 1752, and an early eighteenth-century pulpit in provincial Baroque style, later given a new wooden base in 1928. The present altar, built in 1928 from roughly hewn limestone blocks, has a polished stone top marked with consecration crosses.
A notable historical episode concerns the church's survival: in 1566, during Danish raids through the Falbygden area, Luttra kyrka was among the churches plundered and burned. The roof was seriously damaged, and it appears to have taken a long time before the church could be used again. Local record suggests the raiders may also have tried, unsuccessfully, to remove the church bells — a visitation report from 1583 notes a damaged bell among the church's inventory, which may relate to this event.
The two bells that hang in the church today are late medieval and bear no inscriptions. The organ, on the west gallery, was built in 1950 by the Liared organ workshop and has a plain, silent façade with nine stops across two manuals and pedal.