The original stone church was built around 1200, when the tower and the western part of the nave were constructed. Much of this early building was demolished in 1871, when the nave was extended eastward and given its present three-sided chancel; the tower was also raised with a new upper section featuring paired round-arched openings that open when the bell rings.
A serious fire broke out on 28 March 1915. The tower and bell fell, breaking through the loft above the porch, and the entire roof structure of the nave and the tower's floor were destroyed. Services were held at Löddeköpinge church while repairs were carried out, and Borgeby remained administratively linked with Löddeköpinge until 1973. A further extensive renovation took place in 1987, when the pews were repainted and the church was freshly limewashed.
The church grounds are enclosed by hedges and stone walling. Tradition holds that the church was once connected to Borgeby Castle by a wall, and a tunnel is said to have been found linking the castle and the church, though this remains a local claim rather than a documented fact.
Inside, the altarpiece, painted in the 1870s by Mårten Eskil Winge, depicts Christ in Gethsemane. On the altar stands a crucifix from Oberammergau in Germany, alongside a pair of sixteenth-century brass candlesticks. The pulpit dates partly from the early eighteenth century, with further joinery added during the 1871 rebuilding, while the sandstone font is medieval and simply worked. Among the textiles is a chasuble bearing the tetragrammaton JHWH on its front.
The bells lost in the 1915 fire were replaced with two new ones donated by Ernst Norlind and his wife Hanna, both cast in Stockholm; the larger bell was recast in 1941. The church also once held an 1887 organ by Rasmus Nilsson of Malmö, now stored within the building, having been replaced in 1978 by a mechanical organ built by A. Mårtenssons Orgelfabrik of Lund, which reused the earlier instrument's façade.