The church was built to designs by the Stockholm architect Ernst Jacobsson and completed in 1883, replacing an earlier church that had served the community. Its timber construction and detailing reflect the National Romantic style then fashionable in Sweden, a movement that drew on native building traditions and folk motifs to create a distinctly Swedish architectural language.
Over the twentieth century the building underwent restoration work, with the interior renewed in 1957 and the exterior refurbished during the 1970s. As part of that later campaign, the local craftsman Dykar-Jack Johansson was commissioned by the diocese to repaint the church's weathervane cockerel, a small but memorable detail that visitors may still spot glinting above the roofline.
As a wooden church in a rural Härjedalen setting, Älvros nya kyrka is part of a wider regional tradition of timber ecclesiastical architecture, and its simple, tapering form and wooden cladding are typical of churches built to serve scattered northern Swedish communities in the late 1800s.