The present church, completed in 1827–1828, replaced an older medieval church that stood about a kilometre to the north-east until it was condemned as unsafe in 1797. That earlier building, a rectangular hall church in Romanesque style with a three-sided chancel, is thought to date from the early Middle Ages; Väckelsång itself is recorded in documents from the 1330s. An archaeological survey carried out in 1976 confirmed the medieval ground plan and uncovered traces of painted plaster, along with an unexplained square extension to the west that may have been part of an older structure, or perhaps a tower. Local tradition held that the church was burned by Danish forces in the sixteenth century and rebuilt on the same stone foundations around 1640, though the exact sequence of events remains uncertain.
Plans for a new church were drawn up well before construction began, and the foundation stone was finally laid in August 1827 by Crown Prince Oscar, later King Oscar I, who broke off his journey to Karlskrona to take part in the ceremony. The design, in a Neoclassical style, features a rectangular nave, a straight-ended chancel and a rear sacristy, with the main entrance through the base of the tower. A gilded iron crown set into the south-east wall commemorates the royal foundation. Unusually, the chancel lies to the west and the tower to the east, the reverse of traditional church orientation—a practical rather than symbolic choice common in nineteenth-century church building.
The church was formally consecrated in June 1832. Bishop Esaias Tegnér, who had prepared the consecration address, was too unwell to attend, and Dean Christopher Isac Heurlin delivered his words in his place.
Inside, the hall-church interior is unified by a barrel vault linking nave and chancel, with tall windows allowing plenty of light into the space. The altarpiece, a gift from Crown Prince Oscar and painted by Salomon Andersson in 1829, is a copy of a Rubens work in Antwerp depicting the deposition of Christ from the cross. Other furnishings include a semicircular altar rail from the time of construction, an octagonal wooden font, and a richly gilded Empire-style pulpit of 1828 decorated with symbols such as crosses, anchors and a chalice. Two small sculptures of Peter and Paul flank the altar.
The interior has been altered more than once: decorative paintings added during a 1906–1907 renovation were largely removed in 1937, and the colour scheme was lightened again in 1993. The church's organ, originally built in 1844 and rebuilt several times since, was replaced with a new mechanical instrument in 1956.