The exact age of the church is not known, but building is thought to have taken place around the 1100s-1200s, with two-metre-thick walls surviving from this period. These massive walls suggest the building may have served a defensive purpose, offering shelter to the local population in times of unrest. In the 1800s a proposal was made to demolish the church in favour of a larger replacement, but it was decided instead to keep Morlanda standing and build a new church at Hälleviksstrand. The chancel was added in 1690, and a west tower replaced the old freestanding bell frame in 1765, taking its present form around 1820. Much of the interior dates from the 1760s, and a thorough restoration in 1916 aimed to recover the church's early nineteenth-century appearance, revealing pink-toned walls beneath later overpainting.
Beneath the wooden altarpiece stands a masoned medieval stone altar. The elaborate altarpiece itself is later, attributed to the sculptor Marcus Jäger the Elder and made around 1697-1707; it carries the monogram of Charles XII and shows the Crucifixion in high relief, with a Last Supper scene beneath and a figure of the risen Christ above. The pulpit is older still, dating from the Danish period before the Peace of Roskilde in 1658, and is decorated with the four evangelists and biblical quotations in Danish.
The church is notable for its two organs. On the north gallery stands the so-called Morlanda organ, believed to be Sweden's oldest playable organ, built around 1603-1604 by the Belgian organ builder Hans Brebos, originally for Marstrand church before being bought for Morlanda in 1804. It has been restored more than once, most recently around 1999-2001. A second, more modern instrument on the west gallery was built in 1971 behind an older façade.
Other furnishings include a wooden baptismal font with a baroque canopy, thought to date from the late 1600s, and a brass christening dish from 1616. Two votive ships hang in the nave: a model frigate donated in 1938 and a full-rigged vessel named Siken donated in 1949, both gifts from local parishioners and typical of the seafaring traditions of this coastal parish.