The present stone church was completed in 1726, replacing an earlier wooden church thought to have medieval origins and said to have stood on a nearby hill. Älgå parish is first recorded in written sources in 1340, and the establishment of an ironworks in the area in 1695 brought rapid population growth that eventually required a larger church.
Built in the Baroque style between 1724 and 1726, the church has a rectangular nave with a three-sided chancel to the east, a sacristy to the north, and a west tower. The whitewashed walls are pierced by round-arched windows, and the steep, slate-covered roof is hipped over the chancel. Because the building was raised on a timber raft laid over poor, clay-rich ground, the structure has settled unevenly over time, and the chancel floor now sits about half a metre lower than the porch.
Inside, a wooden barrel vault covers the church, and the chancel and central aisle are paved with slate. Despite various restorations during the twentieth century, including internal work in the 1950s and roof and exterior repairs around 2000, the church is said to retain much of its original character both inside and out.
Among the older furnishings is a soapstone font dating from the 13th century, decorated simply with a rope moulding. A damaged oak triumphal crucifix from around 1300 and a fragmentary Madonna figure from the later 14th century survive from the medieval period, both having lost paint and, in places, limbs over the centuries. The pulpit dates from 1742, attributed to Olof Brattstén of Filipstad, with carving possibly by the same hand, and features figures of Christ and the four evangelists; its canopy was carved by Isak Schullström, who also made the altarpiece in 1758. An older altar painting dates from 1643, and two bells in the tower were cast in 1729 and 1739.
The church's organ has been rebuilt more than once, most recently in 1970 by Grönlunds orgelbyggeri, replacing an earlier instrument installed in 1927.