The area around Slöta has been settled since the Stone Age, and priests are recorded here from as early as 1417. The medieval church that once stood on this site suffered repeatedly from fire, having been burned by Danish troops on three occasions—in 1278, 1450 and 1566—and struck by lightning twice, most recently in 1754. On that last occasion the church bells were saved from the flames, and they still hang in the present building.
Construction of the current church began in 1787, after the medieval structure was demolished. The tower was completed in 1794, when the old bells were rehung, though the church was not entirely finished until 1820. A significant remodelling in 1857 gave the building its present Empire-style character, including the large rounded chancel; its lower section houses the sacristy, while the upper part opens onto the nave through a colonnade that admits generous light.
Inside, visitors can see a free-standing limestone altar and a font dating from the 13th century, alongside a pulpit from the 18th century. In the chancel apse is a mosaic by the artist Gun Setterdahl, created in 1960 and inspired by the famous mosaics of Ravenna. The sacristy holds a collection of portraits of former vicars and a copy of King Charles XII's Bible.
The smaller of the two bells is of a late medieval type without inscriptions. The church's west gallery organ, built in 1769, has a particularly interesting history: it was purchased from Folkärna church in Dalarna and transported to Slöta by ox cart, being installed in 1857. Rebuilt in 1945, it is said to be the oldest organ still in use in Västergötland, although its original façade pipework has been silent since that rebuild. A smaller organ near the chancel dates from 1978.