The church was probably built towards the end of the 1300s, with a star-vaulted ceiling added to the interior during the later 1400s. Originally there was no tower, only a freestanding bell tower, which was replaced in 1697 by a tower with a slender spire similar to that still seen at Romfartuna church.
Fire struck the church twice, in 1608 and again in 1727. The later blaze was especially devastating, destroying almost the entire eastern side of Norbergsby, including the church tower and most of its medieval fittings and furnishings; an old account describes the fire spreading through farms and buildings over four hours before consuming the church itself.
A major rebuilding between 1902 and 1904 extended the church eastward with a new choir, raised the tower to some 60 metres with a spire, and gave the interior much of its present appearance. The vaults and walls were decorated in an Art Nouveau style, with a palmette border running round the church, angels and lilies painted in the chancel vault, and roses and the symbols of the four evangelists around the chancel arch. The chancel window, depicting the Resurrection, dates from this period; it was donated by a local mine owner and made in 1903 by a Stockholm glassmaking workshop.
The altarpiece and pulpit, in rococo style, date from the mid-1700s and were painted and gilded during an 1888 restoration. The font, together with a small portable altar to the left of the chancel, was designed by the architect Gustaf Pettersson, who also drew up the 1904 chancel extension; the altar and an accompanying Madonna figure were carved by a local woodcarver. The largest chandelier, in late Baroque style, was given to the church in 1735 by a baron and provincial governor who also owned a nearby brassworks; a cubic clock once fitted beneath it was stolen in 1973 and later replaced with a matching piece.
The church organ, with 36 stops across two manuals, is counted among Sweden's notable instruments. Sources differ slightly on its history: it is generally dated to a rebuilding around 1978–1982 by organ builder Walter Thür, incorporating parts of an earlier 1842 Strand organ whose façade survives. A further restoration took place in 2009. Visitors sometimes notice small, playful details left behind by those who worked on the church over the years, including faint markings and lettering hidden among the woodwork and vaults, whose exact meaning remains uncertain.