The present church was completed in 1814–15 to designs by the county master builder Johan Holmberg, replacing a stone church thought to date from the 1200s. Parts of the older building's walls were reused in the new construction, and traces of earlier wall paintings can still be seen in the tower chamber. A schaft excavation in 2004 uncovered remains of the medieval church just to the north of the current site.
The building is a whitewashed, single-nave hall church in restrained neoclassical style, with a barrel vault, a semicircular chancel and large round-arched windows. Its low, unassuming exterior is typical of early nineteenth-century Swedish parish architecture of the period.
A fire in 1797 destroyed the parish rectory along with the church archive, so much of the building's earlier history is poorly documented. Many furnishings from the old church were subsequently sold at auction, though a few older pieces survived: a sandstone font dating from the early 1200s, still bearing traces of green paint, and two farmhouse-style painted bridal pews from the early 1700s.
The altarpiece, painted in 1921 by the Austrian artist Robert Hugo Jäckel, is a free adaptation of Raphael's Transfiguration; sources differ on whether it depicts the Transfiguration or the Ascension of Christ, and local tradition holds that several residents of Västra Harg sat as models for its figures. The church has needed repeated structural attention, since it sits on a slope where water draining from a hill to the east passes beneath the building, causing foundation problems addressed by reinforcement works in 1905 and 1922.
The church also houses a mechanical pipe organ originally built in 1839 by the organist and amateur organ builder Nils Ahlstrand, incorporating some older pipework, and later restored; a smaller chamber organ was added in 1968.