Northern Ljusterö is thought to have had its first chapel from as early as the 1500s, with sources agreeing a chapel certainly stood here by the 1600s. It was built within the village of Mellansjö, then a cluster of farms on a hill beside what was known as Mittensjön. Following the village's land reallotment (laga skifte) in 1865, several farms were moved out to new sites.
A new chapel replaced the older one in the mid-1700s, built around 250 metres north-east of the original, on the shore of the lake that was subsequently renamed Kyrksjön. Wikipedia dates this building to 1751–1755, constructed of horizontal log timber with a red-painted external panelling and board roof, replacing the earlier chapel and its free-standing bell tower. Older maps from the 1720s and 1730s already show a chapel, bell tower and rectory on the site.
The church gained its present appearance during a major rebuilding in 1894, overseen by architect Hjalmar Kumlien, when the octagonal plan was completed and a tower with lantern and spire was added above the porch, replacing the earlier free-standing bell tower. The church still rests on a foundation of blasted granite, with a chancel closed on three sides to the east and a sacristy attached to the north.
Inside, the carved wooden font was supplied in 1927 by the firm Libraria, and the pulpit dates from the 1894 renovation. A votive ship, modelled on a type of fishing vessel known as a piggskuta, was donated to the church in 1954 — a reminder of the maritime life of the surrounding archipelago. The organ facade dates from 1847–48, designed by Carl-Gustaf Blom-Carlsson, while the current pneumatic organ was built in 1928 by Åkerman & Lund and later adjusted in 1970.
A yellow-painted rectory from 1870 stands beside the church to the east, and the churchyard is enclosed by a dry-stone wall dating from the 1750s.