The present church stands on the site of a medieval stone church with a shingled roof, similar in character to the still-surviving old church at Sjösås. That earlier building had no tower, though a separate wooden bell tower had been erected in 1607 nearby. By the later eighteenth century the old church was considered too small and dilapidated, and parish records show growing pressure for a larger, more practical building.
Plans for an extension were drawn up as early as 1792 by the architect Olof Tempelman, but disagreements between Nottebäck and the neighbouring annex parish of Granhult delayed matters for decades. A proposal in 1824 to demolish both parishes' churches and build one shared church, strongly backed by Bishop Esaias Tegnér, met fierce resistance from the people of Granhult, who wished to keep their own medieval church. The dispute was settled in 1830 when Granhult paid a sum toward Nottebäck's new building in exchange for retaining their own church.
Construction began in 1831 to new designs by master mason Johan Abraham Wilelius of Stockholm, superseding Tempelman's earlier plans. The old church was demolished as work progressed, and some of its stone was reused in the new building. The church was completed and consecrated on 20 August 1837 by Bishop Tegnér, who had been a driving force behind the project.
The building is in the Empire style fashionable at the time, with a nave, a semicircular sacristy behind the chancel wall to the east, and a west tower with a clock and an open lantern topped by a gilded cross. The exterior is said to be largely unchanged since construction. Inside, the light, spacious hall-church interior has a wooden barrel-vaulted ceiling, and the chancel wall features a classically inspired surround with pilasters and a triangular pediment bearing a radiating sun motif around the name of God in Hebrew.
Among the furnishings, the altarpiece was carved by Torbern Röding in 1703, depicting the crucified Christ flanked by Mary and John, with further scenes and angel figures above. A triumphal crucifix dating from the early thirteenth century and a fourteenth-century sculpture of Saint Olof are notable survivals from the medieval church, as is part of an older gallery screen painted in 1713. An earlier altarpiece depicting the entombment of Christ, said to be a copy after a work by Caravaggio and reportedly a gift from King Karl XIV Johan, is also recorded among the church's possessions, alongside memorial plaques to former clergy and a font dating from 1937 that copies a medieval original now held at the Swedish History Museum. The church's organ has been rebuilt and enlarged several times since an 1857 instrument by Johan Nikolaus Söderling, with the current organ dating from the 1960s.